tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-53371925297801789152024-03-14T01:41:43.868-07:00පරිඝණක පාසලදන්න සිංහලෙන් පරිඝණක විද්යාව ඉගෙනගන්න එකතුවෙන්න අපිත් එක්ක.Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.comBlogger21125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-5031744057757508932015-11-28T10:30:00.003-08:002015-11-28T10:45:03.649-08:00Google Code-In<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: blue; font-size: large;">Google Code -In යනු කුමක්ද?</span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;"> තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණ ක්ෂේත්රය යනු නිරන්තරයෙන්ම අලුත් නිර්මාණ , ක්රියාකාරකම් , තරග ආදී නොයෙකුත් සිත් ඇදගන්නාසුළු දේවල් වලින් සමන්විත වූවක්. ඔබ අප කව්රුත් දන්නා තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණ ක්ෂේත්රයේ දැවැන්තයකු වන ලෝකප්රසිද්ද Google සමාගම විසින් පරිගණක විද්යාව ,තොරතුරු තාක්ෂ</span></span></span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ණ</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ය වැනි විෂය</span></span></span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ය</span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;">න් ඉගෙනීමට ඇලුම්කම් දක්වන්නන් වෙනුවෙන් වාර්ෂිකව වැඩසටහන් බොහෝමයක් ක්රියාවට නංවයි. ඒ අතරින් පාසල් සිසුන් සදහා වෙන් වූ වැදගත් වැඩසටහනක් ලෙස Code In හදුන්වාදිය හැකියි. Google Code In යනු Google සමාගම මගින් වයස 13 හා 17 අතර පාසල් සිසුන් වෙනුවෙන් පවත්වන ලබන අන්තර්ජාතික තරඟාවලිය</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">කි</span></span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;">. පාසල් සිසුන් පරිගණක ක්රමලේඛනය ට(Programming) හා විවෘත කේත මෘදුකාංග*(Open Source) නිර්මාණ ශිල්පයට යොමු කරවනු සඳහා මෙය පවත්වනු ලබන අතර මේ මගින් සහභාගී වන සිසුන්ට දැනුම, අත්දැකීම් මෙන්ම වටිනා ත්යාග රාශියක්ද ලබා ගැනීමට හැකි වෙනු ඇත. </span></span></span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">Google ආයතනය මගින් තෝරාගන්නා ලද විවෘත කේත මෘදුකාංග නිර්මාණය කරන ආයතන 14 මෙවර මෙම තරඟයට සහභාගී වන අතර එම ආයතන මගින් සිසුන්ට ලබා දෙන විවිද කාර්යය ඉටුකිරීම මගින් සිසුන්ට ලකුණු රැස් කිරීමට සිදුවේ. මෙම කාර්යයන් </span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ක්රමලේඛනය</span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">, බ්ලොග්(Blog) ලිවිම, අතුරු මුහුණත් නිර්මාණය(UI designing) කිරීම වැනි විවිද ක්ෂේත්ර ආවරණය වන පරිදි සැදුම් ලැබී ඇති නිසා </span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ක්රමලේඛනය</span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"> ආදුනික සිසුන්ට පවා සහභාගී වීමට හැකියාව ඇත. සිසුන් සපුරාලන කාර්යය(tasks) ප්රමාණය අනුව විවිද ත්යාග ලැබෙන අතර එක් කාර්යයක් හෝ සම්පුර්ණ කරන සිසුවන්</span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ට පවා Google ආයතනය මගින් සහතික පත්රයක් ලැබෙනු ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: blue;">තරග විස්තර</span><span style="color: #141823;"> </span></span></span></h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSTQRXtGr6HWPaaAMKtR87hjF553M-CyLJonbODK5QNVIeIF8kcSDeNWpzFN4iaR-HwE2bXZFSqb8XNZ7F_akzk31h4brTyJRS2rOOaY7Im2L0XFbIkSqzEvwy6NV02xlhTjocegAtLo/s1600/Google+Code-in+2012+-+Home+page-134948.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSTQRXtGr6HWPaaAMKtR87hjF553M-CyLJonbODK5QNVIeIF8kcSDeNWpzFN4iaR-HwE2bXZFSqb8XNZ7F_akzk31h4brTyJRS2rOOaY7Im2L0XFbIkSqzEvwy6NV02xlhTjocegAtLo/s320/Google+Code-in+2012+-+Home+page-134948.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;">දිනය : </span></span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">December 7, 2015 - January 25, 2016</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ත්යාග :</span></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: orange;">1 task = Digital Certificate of completion</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: orange;">3 tasks = Google t-shirt and a digital certificate</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">5 Finalists from each org = hooded sweatshirt, t-shirt, digital </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">certificate</span></span></li>
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<span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">ඉහලම දක්ෂකම් දක්වන සිසුන් 28 දෙනෙකුට ඇමෙරිකාවේ ඇති Google ආයතනයේ ප්රධාන කාර්යාලයට චාරිකාවක් යාමට ලැබෙන අතර සියලුම වියදම් Google ආයතනය වි</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">සින්ම දරනු ලබයි.</span></span></div>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: #141823; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">වැඩි විස්තර සඳහා <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/496417690536869/" target="_blank">Google Code-In SriLanka</a> ෆේස්බුක් ගෘපය හා සම්බන්ධවන්න.</span></span></div>
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<li><a href="http://google-opensource.blogspot.com/2015/10/dozen-of-one-half-dozen-of-other-6th_13.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">http://google-opensource.blogspot.com/2015/10/dozen-of-one-half-dozen-of-other-6th_13.html</span></a></li>
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<ul>
<li><a href="https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/</span></a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #0000ee; font-family: inherit; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">Slides:<a href="https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/resources/downloads/Google-Code-in-2015-slides.pdf" target="_blank">https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/resources/downloads/Google-Code-in-2015-slides.pdf</a></span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: large; line-height: 21.466667175293px;">Flyer:<a href="https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/resources/downloads/2015-GCI-Flyer.pdf" target="_blank">https://developers.google.com/open-source/gci/resources/downloads/2015-GCI-Flyer.pdf</a></span></span></li>
</ul>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline; line-height: 21.466667175293px;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">ඔබත් වයස 13 - 17 අතරනම් පමා නොවී අදම තරගයට ඇතුළත් වන්න. මේ පිළිබඳව ඔබේ සොහොයුරා හෝ සොහොයුරිය අදම දැනුවත් කරන්න . ලෝක තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණ ක්ෂේත්රයට ඔබේ නමත් පහසුවෙන් ඇතුළත් කරගතහැකි මේ මහඟු අවස්ථාවෙන් උපරිම ප්රයෝජන ගන්න.</span></span></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-44159923617987200112015-06-19T09:50:00.000-07:002017-04-29T07:14:11.921-07:00Solving Recurrences<iframe src="https://onedrive.live.com/embed?cid=D35E897DA1EA53B0&resid=D35E897DA1EA53B0%211331&authkey=AA86zbJ_-RYLr3Q&em=2" width="700" height="900" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-46902568291638809912015-06-06T09:26:00.000-07:002017-04-29T07:15:35.341-07:00Graph Algorithms<iframe src="https://onedrive.live.com/embed?cid=D35E897DA1EA53B0&resid=D35E897DA1EA53B0%211329&authkey=ANoV7YXfPq0a4Vs&em=2" width="700" height="900" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-61808959384865921272015-02-20T04:49:00.000-08:002017-04-29T07:10:43.988-07:00Huffman Codes<iframe src="https://onedrive.live.com/embed?cid=D35E897DA1EA53B0&resid=D35E897DA1EA53B0%211328&authkey=AKGq7vs81hUE8_E&em=2" width="700" height="900" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-35951545413752258152015-02-18T00:59:00.000-08:002015-02-18T01:02:10.718-08:00Format වුන Harddisk එකක data සම්පූර්නයෙන්ම් Recover කරගනිමු <div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> අපි මුලින්ම බලමු data recover කරන්න වෙන්නේ මොන වගේ අවස්ථා වලදීද කියල.අපේ pc එක වැරදීමකින් full format උනොත් harddisk එකේ තියන සියලුම data නැතිවෙලා යනවා . එහෙම අවස්ථා වලදී නැවත එම data වලින් විශාල ප්රමාණයක් සාර්ථකව recover කරගැනීමේ හැකියාව තියනවා. නමුත් software setup තියන exe files recover කිරීමෙන් පසු ගොඩක් දුරට වැඩ නොකර යනවා. අනෙකුත් document files(word,pdf) වගේ දේවල් images ,videos වගේ දේවල් ගොඩාක් දුරට සාර්ථකව recover කරගැනීමේ හැකියාව තියනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> මෙලස data recover කරගැනීම සඳහා බොහොමයක් softwares තිබුණත් ඒවායින් ගොඩාක් softwares වලින් අපිට recover කරගන්න ලැබෙන්නේ තිබුණු data වලින් බොහොම සුළු ප්රමාණයක් පමණයි. එමෙන්ම recover කිරීමේදී අපි use කරන harddisk එකත් සමහර software බාවිතා කරනවිට format වෙන්න පුළුවන්. මන් මේ හඳුන්වාදෙන software එකෙන් එවැනි අපහසුතා නැතිව ඉතාම පහසුවෙන් format කරන්න කලින් තිබුණු data සියල්ලම වගේ format කරන්න කලින් බෙදල තිබුණු partitions පිටින්ම recover කරගන්න පුළුවන්. ඉතාම වැදගත් කරුණ තමයි අපි hard එකක් recover කරනවානම් එය format වුන ගමන්ම නැවත hard එකට කිසිම data එකක් දාන්න කලින් සිදු කරන්න ඕන.ඒකට හේතුවෙන්නේ අලුතින් data දැම්ම විට පරණ ඒවා මත overwrite වීමෙන් කලින් තිබූ data recover කරගත නොහැකිව lost වීමයි. එමෙන්ම මන් මේ කියන tool එකෙන් හරියට data recover කරගන්නනම් externel harddisk එකක් අත්යවශ්ය වෙනවා.harddisk එකේ capacity එක ලොකු ප්රශ්නයක් වෙන්නේ නෑ මොකද මේ software එකෙන් data ටිකින් ටික උනත් recover කරගැනීම හැකියාව තියනවා.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">අපි දැන් බලමු harddisk එක recover කරන විදිය</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">01.මුලින්ම පහත link එකට ගිහින් මේ software එක download කරලා install කරගන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="color: blue;">http://download.cnet.com/MiniTool-Power-Data-Recovery-Free-Edition/3000-2094_4-10561431.html?part=dl-&subj=dl&tag=button</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">02. මේ free edition එකෙන් recover කරන්න පුළුවන් 1GB data ප්රමාණයක් විතරයි. ඒක නිසා පහත දැක්වෙන keys වලින් එකක් ගහල software එක register කරගන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">03.දැන් software එක run කරලා එකේ lost partition recovery කියන button එක click කරන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">04.දැන් එතන ඔයාගේ harddisk එක පෙන්නාවි. ඒක select කරලා recover කියන button එක click කරන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">දැන් software එකෙන් ඔයාගේ hardisk එකේ full scan එකක් කරනවා. ඒකට ටිකක් වෙලා යනවා. එතකන් ඔයාට ටිකක් බලාගෙන ඉන්න වෙනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">05.harddisk එක full scan එකකට ලක් වුනාට පස්සේ මෙන්න මේ වගේ ඔයාගේ පරණ තිබුණු partitions list එකම පෙන්නනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjypoAMXFIxUdhQfEJblSkszYaAije0DfG0kUwGNMAqlk2IR-K_t7j3yI99OTCR3k1QDQpu3EarMkMQxgsqJiESVICNnrb87bP5gxmOa218qSSZAp54elIynsqvn7hNU5_PT7Ljx7-4KM0/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjypoAMXFIxUdhQfEJblSkszYaAije0DfG0kUwGNMAqlk2IR-K_t7j3yI99OTCR3k1QDQpu3EarMkMQxgsqJiESVICNnrb87bP5gxmOa218qSSZAp54elIynsqvn7hNU5_PT7Ljx7-4KM0/s1600/4.png" height="253" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">06.දැන් අපිට අවශ්ය partitions වලට වෙන වෙනම ගිහින් එක ඇතුලේ තිබුණ data කලින් තිබුණ විදියටම folders විදියට බලාගන්න පුළුවන්. ඒකට කරන්න ඕන අදාළ partition එක select කරලා show files කියන button එක click කරන එක.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">07.දැන් අපිට recover කරගන්න අවශ්ය folders ටික tick කරලා Save Files කියන button එක click කරන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">08.දැන් මෙන්න මේ වගේ dialog box එකක් එයි. දැන් ඔයාගේ external harddrive එක plug කරලා Recover To: කියන තැනට එක browse කරලා දෙන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> 09.දැන් අදාල drive එක select කරලා OK කරන්න.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">10.දැන් ඔයාගේ external device එකට data copy වෙන්න පටන්ගන්නවා.හැබැයි ඉතිං මේක ටිකක් වෙලා යන වැඩක් ගොඩක් data recover කරගන්න තියනවනම් පැය 4ක් 5ක් උනත් යන්න පුළුවන්. නමුත් minitool වල අනිත් softwares වලට වඩා ගොඩක් ඉක්මනට recover වීම සිදු වෙනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">11.data සාර්ථකව recover උනාට පස්සේ මේ වගේ confirmation message එකක් එනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">12.දැන් ඔයාගේ external device එකට ගිහින් බැලුවම recover උන data ටික බලාගන්න පුළුවන්.</span></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-86847774822662172962015-01-15T05:10:00.001-08:002015-01-15T05:12:51.500-08:00Pen drive එකේ size එක අඩුවෙන් පෙන්නනවද? 1.48Mb වගේ? හදාගන්නේ මෙහෙමයි.<span style="font-size: large;">සමහර වෙලාවට Pen drive එකේ size එක ගොඩාක් අඩුවෙන් windows වල පෙන්නන්න පුළුවන් . 8Gb , 16Gb වගේ Pen drive එකක් 12Mb වගේ පොඩි ගානක් විදියට පෙන්නන්න පුළුවන් . මෙහෙම උනාම අපිට Pen drive එකෙන් කිසිම වැඩක් ගන්න බැරුව යනවා. එහෙම වෙන්නේ Pen drive එක format කරන්න යනකොට හරි වෙන මොකක් හරි වැඩක් නිසා හරි Pen drive එකේ capacity එක unallocated space එකක් බවට පත්වීම නිසයි. නමුත් අපිට මෙය යතාතත්වයට පත් කරගන්න පුළුවන්. එක කරන්නේ මෙහෙමයි.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">1) ඉස්සෙල්ලම මෙන්න මේ link එකට ගිහින් මේ software එක download කරගන්න. මේ ලින්ක් එකේ මුල් link දෙක තුනක් දැනට වැඩ කරන්නේ නැහැ නමුත් පහල තියන link වැඩ කරනවා.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: blue;">http://bootice.narod.ru/</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">2) දැන් මේ software එක install කරලා run කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">3) දැන් පහත රූපයේ පෙනෙන විදියට එතන තියන dropdown menu එකෙන් ඔයාට reset කරගන්න අවශ්ය pen drive එක select කරගන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgljFAeXiTPhgWSxgP7yALN4vbeXwANgoKf7KDlknEKI_5xGGuK5a_Ff6EeAuPg07iCTj8pw6j5TkigP_BwD0dxjroFXjU3hZVfKuc7HVeKuTgdc4rAm9-l7QTuiKYpRd1npnaOyVyzdFo/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgljFAeXiTPhgWSxgP7yALN4vbeXwANgoKf7KDlknEKI_5xGGuK5a_Ff6EeAuPg07iCTj8pw6j5TkigP_BwD0dxjroFXjU3hZVfKuc7HVeKuTgdc4rAm9-l7QTuiKYpRd1npnaOyVyzdFo/s1600/1.png" height="219" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4) දැන් පහල menu එකේ තියන Parts Manage කියන button එක click කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_4L-pm8BO_II9JuI5b6KerYI6jhOGjK_xmqT7gU2FJ4q_rJiDGIYCROjur1y9oYzYiPf0zBXo5Bmk5lOCTrAlDgiwDeprro5sdmEwZh0EAmrAALqZJfRKYtVav3ECPJwbcvBSJnZcJw/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_4L-pm8BO_II9JuI5b6KerYI6jhOGjK_xmqT7gU2FJ4q_rJiDGIYCROjur1y9oYzYiPf0zBXo5Bmk5lOCTrAlDgiwDeprro5sdmEwZh0EAmrAALqZJfRKYtVav3ECPJwbcvBSJnZcJw/s1600/2.png" height="217" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5) දැන් ලැබෙන window එකේ තියන Reformat USB Disk කියන button එක click කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM2FlYMmKV7VrauZHn2FwBvtOoYieNx-DWoRq3adwB_XzpBoKaem-nwSP0ABF68_NLA62vIOXq6L_rLlojEUNaW2NlhO4Jv4npWRFlyMGbyxyYR61YZogVkvFZ2uuE1_Rwjbka7-t0fXM/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM2FlYMmKV7VrauZHn2FwBvtOoYieNx-DWoRq3adwB_XzpBoKaem-nwSP0ABF68_NLA62vIOXq6L_rLlojEUNaW2NlhO4Jv4npWRFlyMGbyxyYR61YZogVkvFZ2uuE1_Rwjbka7-t0fXM/s1600/3.png" height="206" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6) ඊලගට ලැබෙන window එකේ තුන්වෙනි option එක select කරලා ඕනනම් පහල තියන dropdown menu එකෙන් file format එකත් change කරලා OK කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo_C0CDVwCi_K7YcysMZWLPVyfGVQa-otwQgZM46cNFWZfhvwaDypZ0z7fzHxC1wYBFxJ9GHVm7ROPZs1-cyWE6QOXBXSeIS8CEoHulyM1Ns4YN1Ozjdikd6yOpZnpug69fo9U3gxbenM/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo_C0CDVwCi_K7YcysMZWLPVyfGVQa-otwQgZM46cNFWZfhvwaDypZ0z7fzHxC1wYBFxJ9GHVm7ROPZs1-cyWE6QOXBXSeIS8CEoHulyM1Ns4YN1Ozjdikd6yOpZnpug69fo9U3gxbenM/s1600/4.png" height="320" width="245" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">7) දැන් පොඩි warning message එකක් එනවා . එකත් OK කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlxfcG-GJS-PJlhUWWIPxIAzUTZGZqh4BAUUm6Q22yY1-bUIexpZbTNLjWsJSLWA45qao8kJBJegurZ5iynucK6V0Hxfg0BJXi9Qj0nKA0Zst0zIjWKTlvm_jADJM1DjckmWk57Du9EBM/s1600/5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlxfcG-GJS-PJlhUWWIPxIAzUTZGZqh4BAUUm6Q22yY1-bUIexpZbTNLjWsJSLWA45qao8kJBJegurZ5iynucK6V0Hxfg0BJXi9Qj0nKA0Zst0zIjWKTlvm_jADJM1DjckmWk57Du9EBM/s1600/5.png" height="111" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">8) Pen drive එක හරියට format උනාම confirmation message එකක් ලැබෙයි. දැන් ඔයාගේ පෙන් එකේ size එක check කරලා බලන්න කලින් තිබුණු නිවැරදි අගයම පෙන්නනවා ඇති.</span><br />
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-22539494505147142752014-08-16T11:15:00.000-07:002014-08-16T11:18:09.945-07:00(#9)Bucket Addressing/ Perfect Hashing/Deletion<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> මෙහිදී අප</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"> </span>collide <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">වන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">elements
store </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">කිරීම සඳහා වෙනම </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">list
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකක් හෝ </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකක් සූදානම්
කරගෙන තබා ගනියි . එය </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">bucket එ</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ක ලෙස
හඳුන්වයි.</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="line-height: 107%;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">Collide </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">වන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">elements
link </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකක් තබාගෙන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">bucket </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකට </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">add
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">කිරීම සිදු කරයි.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: large;">Hash Table Organization<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Perfect Hashing</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">Worste case </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකද </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">O(1)
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ට සමාන වන පරිදි </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකක්
ගොඩනැගිය හැකිනම් එයට </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">perfect hashing </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">යැයි කියනු
ලැබේ. මෙහිදී </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකේ </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">collisions
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">වැලැක්වීම සඳහා හැම </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකකටම තවත් </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash
table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එක බැගින් සම්බන්ධ කිරීම කරනු ලැබේ. මෙහිදී
ප්රධාන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එක </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">primary
hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ලෙසද අනිත් </span></span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 25.68000030517578px;">hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 25.68000030517578px;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%;">secondary hash
table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%;">(</span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%;">S<sub>j</sub></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%;">) ලෙසද
හඳුන්වනු ලබයි.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSwByIDKuSo4-vCy0RgyTtgFMoMj2ZksMYKysSGkFnW5BvykRulrJ4kEZuCR5wAUvKzHfNkLZ4CNPAbDyfBVDtXWKOh6QR0HF5vCkKh40D401zxy5phX3GJbIQq8kZQ68ZmX1CS91FcJg/s1600/65.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSwByIDKuSo4-vCy0RgyTtgFMoMj2ZksMYKysSGkFnW5BvykRulrJ4kEZuCR5wAUvKzHfNkLZ4CNPAbDyfBVDtXWKOh6QR0HF5vCkKh40D401zxy5phX3GJbIQq8kZQ68ZmX1CS91FcJg/s1600/65.PNG" height="221" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">මෙහිදී </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">විසදාගනු
ලබන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එක </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">outer
hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ලෙස හදුන්වනු ලබයි. එය පහත ලෙස නිර්මාණය
කරයි.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"> h(k) = ( ( ak + b ) mod p )</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">මෙහි </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">p </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">යනු </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">key values </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">වලට වඩා
විශාල වන ඕනෑම ප්රථමක </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">(prime ) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">සංඛ්යාවකි.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">S<sub>j </sub> hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකේ j වන </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">slot
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකට ලැබෙන සියලුම </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">keys </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ගබඩා </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="line-height: 107%;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">කරගනියි. එම
</span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකෙහි </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ඒක m<sub>j </sub>ලෙස
ගනිමු.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එවිට </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">secondary hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එක ,</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"> h<sub>j</sub>(k) = ( ( a<sub>j</sub> k + b<sub>j</sub>
) mod p ) mod m<sub>j</sub></span><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> </span></sub></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></sub></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> ලෙස වෙයි.</span></sub><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">මෙහිදී </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">secondary level </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">එකේදී </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">collisions
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ඇති නොවන පරිදි </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">hash function එ</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">ක
තෝරාගැනීම වැදගත් වෙයි.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Deletion</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Chaining method </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකේදී </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">link
list </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකේ ඇති </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">element </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීම මගින් අදාළ </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">element </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කළ හැක.හේතුව </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">chaining </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">වලදී නිතරම </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">collision
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක ඇතිවූ </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකේ සිට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">element
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක ඇත්තටම </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">store </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කළ ඇති </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">link </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක්
තබාගැනීමයි.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Open addressing </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කර ඇති </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">hash
table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">elements delete </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීම තරමක්
අපහසු වෙයි. </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක ඇතිවූ </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකේ සිට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">item </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">store
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කරන </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">link
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් තබා නොගැනීම එයට හේතුවයි. යම්කිසි </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකකින් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">key </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කල පසු එහි NIL</span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">(null) node </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">store
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීමෙන් එය </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">empty slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">එකක් බවට
පත්කළ </span></span><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">නො</span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%;">හැකිය</span><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">.</span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhVjvtwhFGfADQW9R8hHnmtKXobq3xWNJyYrEoSj8Ph-w2riqfVr_n4NSEQSKoCvhHKCgZthDN_Hp8x1Q3YPdrW6ZC6pHty80m_hJp3-j4Tb3uQxK36qNo__GnnLUSNFDNTH93tDpU36I/s1600/69.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhVjvtwhFGfADQW9R8hHnmtKXobq3xWNJyYrEoSj8Ph-w2riqfVr_n4NSEQSKoCvhHKCgZthDN_Hp8x1Q3YPdrW6ZC6pHty80m_hJp3-j4Tb3uQxK36qNo__GnnLUSNFDNTH93tDpU36I/s1600/69.PNG" height="268" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·</span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක ඇති </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">element
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කළ පසු එය </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">empty
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">බවට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">mark </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් තැබිය
හැක.එවිට නැවත </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">item </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">insert
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීමට </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">search </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කරගෙන යනවිට
අදාළ </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">empty
slot </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකක් ලෙස පෙන්වයි. නමුත් මෙහිදී කලින් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">store
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කර තිබූ </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">item </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">වීමක් සිදු නොවන අතර සිදු වන්නේ එම </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">item
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක උඩින් අලුත් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">item </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">store
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">වීමක් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">(overwrite) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">පමණි.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">විශාල </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">items
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">ප්රමාණයක් </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීම </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">search
time </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක වැඩි කරන අතර </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කරන ලද </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">items test </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කිරීමට
සිදුවීම එයට හේතුවයි.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එම නිසා
එලෙස </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">items </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">විශාල ප්රමාණයක්
</span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">delete </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">කර පසු </span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">table </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක නැවතත්
හිස්කිරීමක් පිරිසිදු කිරීමක් සිදු කලයුතුවෙයි.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 107%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></span></div>
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<h3 style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Applications of Hash
Tables</span></span></h3>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-452000692786880482014-08-11T10:04:00.001-07:002014-08-11T10:37:46.424-07:00(#8) Chaining<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> මෙහිදී </span>collision <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක්
ඇතිවූ විට එම </span>element <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක වෙනත් </span>slot
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකකට යොමු කරයි. </span>collision
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක ඇතිවූ slot එක හා අළුත් </span>element <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කළ </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක අතර </span>link <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් තබා
ගැනීමද සිදු කරයි.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Chaining <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">වල ප්රධාන
ආකාර තුනක් පවතියි.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> i) Separate Chaining<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">ii) Coalesced Chaining<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">iii) Overflow Area<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="color: #0b5394;">i) Separate Chaining</span></span></h3>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙහිදී
හැම </span>collisions <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඇතිවන </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකකටම </span>link list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් සම්බන්ධ කර වැඩිපුර ලැබෙන </span>elements , link list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක තුළ </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කරනු
ලබය</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Chaining - Load Factor</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙහිදී </span>table <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකේ </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ප්රමාණයට වඩා වැඩි </span>elements <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ප්රමාණයක් </span>table <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක තුළ </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කරන නිසා
</span>load factor (α) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">, 1ට වඩා විශාල වීම සිදුවිය හැකියි.(</span><span lang="SI-LK">α</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> > 1)</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<h3>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Analysis
of Chaining</span></h3>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Unseccessful
Search</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Link list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක තුළ අදාළ </span>element <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක නොමැති අවස්ථාව .</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Search time = θ(1+α)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Successful
Search</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Link list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක තුළ අ</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> අ</span></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">දාළ </span>element <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක ඇති අවස්තාව.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> </span>Search
time = θ(1+α)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h3>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">ii)
Coalesced Chainig</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙය </span>chaining <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">හා </span>linear probing <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">යන දෙකෙහි එකතුවක් වශයෙන් සැලකිය හැකිය. </span>Empty slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් සොයාගෙන </span>collision<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> විසඳාගන්නා අතර නමුත් </span>collision <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක ඇතිවූ </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකේ සිට </span>element <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කරන ලද </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකට </span>link <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් තබාගනියි.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h3>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">iii)
Overflow Area</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙහිදී </span>table <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකේ වෙනම කොටසක් </span>collision <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සඳහා වෙන්කර තබයි. මෙහි ප්රධාන </span>table
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඒක </span>primary area <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ලෙස හඳුන්වන අතර </span>collision <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සඳහා වෙන්කර ඇති කොටස </span>overflow area <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ලෙස හඳුන්වයි. </span>Collision <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් ඇති වූ විට එම </span>element<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> එක කලින් වෙන් කරන ලද </span>overflow
area <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකේ ඇති </span>slot <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් තුළ </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කරන අතර </span>collision<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> එක ඇතිවූ </span> slot<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> එකට </span> link<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> එකක් තබාගනියි.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-64460692474864598122014-03-07T20:35:00.000-08:002014-03-07T20:45:32.612-08:00(#5)Pigeonhole Principle<h3>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #351c75;">Pigeonhole
Principle</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">පරවියන්
රඳවා තබනු ලබන කුඩා කුටි </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">s ලෙස
හඳුන්වයි.අපි n පරවියන් ප්රමාණයක් m </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">s ප්රමාණයකට දමන්නේනම් n > m
වෙයිනම් අඩු තරමින් එක </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
එකක හෝ පරවියන් එකකට වැඩියෙන් රැදී සිටිය යුතුය. මෙය </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> principle
ලෙස හැඳින්වෙයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙය
සම්භාවිතා මූලධර්ම ඇසුරෙන් මෙලෙස පැහැදිලි කරගතහැකිය. n පරවියන් ප්රමාණයක් අහඹු
ලෙස m </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">s ප්රමාණයකට 1/m යන ඒකාකාර සම්භාවිතාවකින් යුතුව දමන්නේ නම් එක </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එකක හෝ පරවියන් එකකට වඩා රඳවා තබාගැනීමේ
සම්භාවිතාව </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="color: magenta;">1 – ( m<sub>n</sub>/m<sup>n</sup>) </span></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වෙයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> මෙහි </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">m<sub>n</sub></span><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">= </span><sup><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">m</span></sup><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">C<sub>n </sub></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වෙයි. </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙලෙස
එක </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pigeonhole</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එකකට පරවියන් එකකට වඩා යොමුවීමක් </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වයි. මෙමෙ මූලධර්මය අපි </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">hash tables </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලටද යෝදාගන්නෙමු.පහත උදාහරණයෙන්
පැහැදිලිකරගනිමු.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">What is the
probability that no two hash keys collide(</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">එකම </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">storage location </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">එකකට </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">hash keys</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> දෙකක් යොමුවීම.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">)</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">?</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙහිදී
අසනු ලබන්නේ keys දෙකක් එකම slot එකකට යොමු නොවීමේ සම්භාවීතාවයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> h(k) = k mod 5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">slots 5ක් ඇති table එකක් සලකමු.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">පළමු
item එක දැමීමේදී slot 5ම හිස් නිසා collide වීමක් සිදු නොවේ.</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">එම
නිසා collide නොවීමේ සම්භාවිතාව = </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">5/5 = 1 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">වෙයි.</span></li>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">දෙවන
item එක දැමීමේදී හිස්ව ඇත්තේ slot 4ක් පමණි.එම නිසා collide වීමේ සම්භාවිතාව </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">1/5 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">කි.</span></li>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">එමනිසා
collide නොවීමේ සම්භාවිතාව </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">= 4/5 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">ක් වෙයි.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">මෙලෙස,</span><br />
<ul>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">3
වන item එක දැමීමේදී collide නොවීමේ සම්භාවිතාව
</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">= 3/5</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">4</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">වන item එක දැමීමේදී collide නොවීමේ
සම්භාවිතාව </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">= 2/5</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">5</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> වන item එක දැමීමේදී collide නොවීමේ
සම්භාවිතාව </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">= 1/5</span></li>
</ul>
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">එමනිසා
collide නොවීමේ මුළු සම්භාවිතාව = </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">5/5 * 4/5 * 3/5 * 2/5 * 1/5</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
= 0.0384<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එමනිසා
keys 5ක් add කිරීමේදී එක </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collision
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">හෝ
ඇති වීමේ සම්භාවිතාව = </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1- P<sub>5 </sub> = 1- 0.0384 = 0.9616<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #351c75;">Collisions</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">hashing වලදී මෙම </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ඇති කිරීම මගින් keys ප්රමාණයට වඩා slots
අඩුවෙන් ඇති table එකක වුවද අපිට සියලුම keys store කරගතහැකිය. එමගින් අවශ්යකරන
memory space එක අඩුකරගතහැකිය. යම්කිසි hash table එකක ඇතිවන </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collisions </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ප්රමාණය අවම වෙයිනම් hash table එක හොඳින් ක්රියා
කරන්නේයැයි කියනු ලැබේ.එමගින් </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">O(1) search time </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් ලබාගතහැකිය.මෙහි </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">worste case </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">O(n) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">විය හැකිය.එය දුර්වල hash table එකක් ලෙස
හඳුන්වයි.එමෙන්ම මෙම </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collisions
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">විසඳා
ගැනීමටද අප ක්රමවේදයන් කිහිපයක් අනුගමනය කරයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #351c75;">Handling the
Collisions</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">i.Open
Addressing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ii.Chaining<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">iii.Bucket
Addressing <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-10902770879736842972014-03-02T04:41:00.000-08:002014-03-02T04:50:30.421-08:00(#4) Variables ,Data types ,Data type convertionඅප ලියන programme වලදී අපිට විවිධාකාරයේ data store කර තබාගැනීමට සිදුවෙයි.මෙවැනි data එකක් store කිරීම සඳහා memory space එකක් වෙන්කරගැනීම variable එකක් declare කිරීම ලෙස හැඳින්වෙයි.එලෙස වෙන් කරන ලද memory space එකක් තුළ data එකක් store කිරීම variable එකක් assign කිරීම ලෙස හැඳින්වෙයි.මෙහිදී විවිධාකාර data store කිරීම සඳහා විවිධාකාර වූ data types යොදා ගනියි.<br />
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<br /></div>
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<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Assigning Values to Variables:</h2>
<div>
අනෙකුත් languages වලමෙන් python වල variable එක මුලින් declare කර පසුව assign කිරීමක් සිදු කල නොහැකිය.variable එක declare කරන අවස්ථාවේම value එකද assign කල යුතුය.එමෙන්ම variable එකෙහි data type එක අපට define කල නොහැකි අතර අප එයට assign කරන value එක අනුව compiler එක මගින් data type එක හඳුනාගැනීම සිදු කරයි.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div>
syntax:</div>
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<br /></div>
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variableName = value</div>
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<br /></div>
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උදා:</div>
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<br /></div>
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<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
counter </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">100</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># An integer assignment</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
miles </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1000.0</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># A floating point</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
name </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"John"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># A string</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> counter
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> miles
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> name</span></pre>
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Output:</div>
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<br /></div>
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<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">100
1000.0
John</pre>
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<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Multiple Assignment:</h2>
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<div>
එකවර variables කිහිපයකට වුවද එකම අගය assign කල හැක.</div>
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උදා:</div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">a </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> b </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> c </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1</span></pre>
පහත උදාහරණයේදී </div>
<div>
a=1</div>
<div>
b=2</div>
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c="john"</div>
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ලෙස අගයන් assign වීම සිදුවෙයි.<br />
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> a</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> b</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> c </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"john"</span></pre>
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Standard Data Types:</h2>
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python වල ප්රධාන data types 5ක් පවතියි.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul class="list" style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 15px;">
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Numbers</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
String</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
List</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Tuple</div>
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<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Dictionary</div>
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</ul>
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Python Numbers:</h2>
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<div>
මෙම data type එක සංක්යාත්මක අගයන් store කිරීම සඳහා යොදා ගනියි.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">var1 </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
var2 </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">10</span></pre>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px;">
ඔබට<span style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 12px;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: blue; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">del </span>යන key word එක යොදාගෙන assign කරනලද variables delete කිරීමද සිදු කල හැකිය.</div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">del</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> var1</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">var2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">var3</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[....,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">varN</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]]]]</span></pre>
ඔබට මෙම key word එක යොදාගනිමින් object එකකට වඩා වැඩි ගණනක් වුවද delete කල හැක.</div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">del</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">var</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">del</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> var_a</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> var_b</span></pre>
මෙහිදී numeric datatypes වර්ග හතරකි.<br />
<ul class="list" style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 15px;">
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
int (signed integers)</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
long (long integers [can also be represented in octal and hexadecimal])</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
float (floating point real values)</div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
complex (complex numbers)</div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Examples:</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Here are some examples of numbers:</div>
<table class="src" style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); color: black; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 8px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 560px;"><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">int</th><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">long</th><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">float</th><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">complex</th></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">10</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">51924361L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">0.0</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">3.14j</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">100</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-0x19323L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">15.20</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">45.j</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-786</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">0122L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-21.9</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">9.322e-36j</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">080</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">0xDEFABCECBDAECBFBAEl</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">32.3+e18</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">.876j</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-0490</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">535633629843L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-90.</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-.6545+0J</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-0x260</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-052318172735L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-32.54e100</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">3e+26J</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">0x69</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">-4721885298529L</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">70.2-E12</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">4.53e-7j</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Python Strings:</h2>
</div>
<div>
string එකක් assign කිරීමේදී single quotation හෝ double quotation යොදාගත යුතුය. (+) ලකුණ මගින් string දෙකක් join කල හැකි අතර (*) ලකුණ මගින් එකම string එක කිහිප වාරයක් print කරගත හැකිය.</div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
str </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'Hello World!'</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints complete string</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints first character of the string</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints characters starting from 3rd to 5th</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints string starting from 3rd character</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints string two times</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> str </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">+</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"TEST"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints concatenated string</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
This will produce the following result:</div>
<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">Hello World!
H
llo
llo World!
Hello World!Hello World!
Hello World!TEST
</pre>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Python Lists:</h2>
</div>
<div>
එකම variable එකක් තුළ data කිහිපයක් store කරගැනීමට list එකක් භාවිතා කරයි.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
syntax:</div>
<div>
list = [item1,item2, item3]</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
list </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'abcd'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">786</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2.23</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">70.2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tinylist </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">123</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> list </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints complete list</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> list</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints first element of the list</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> list</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints elements starting from 2nd till 3rd </span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> list</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints elements starting from 3rd element</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinylist </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints list two times</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> list </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">+</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinylist </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints concatenated lists</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
This will produce the following result:</div>
<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003]
abcd
[786, 2.23]
[2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003]
[123, 'john', 123, 'john']
['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003, 123, 'john']
</pre>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Python Tuples:</h2>
</div>
<div>
tuples , list වලටම සමාන data type එකක් වන අතර නමුත් tuple එකක් assign කල පසු එයට අලුතින් data add කිරීම හෝ තිබෙන data delete කිරීමක් සිදුකල නොහැක.නමුත් list එකක assign කරන data වලට අමතරව අලුතින් data add කිරීම මෙන්ම තිබෙන data delete කිරීමද සිදු කල හැකිය.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
syntax:</div>
<div>
tuple = (item1,item2, item3) මෙයට සාමාන්ය වරහන යොදාගනී.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tuple </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'abcd'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">786</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2.23</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">70.2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tinytuple </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">123</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tuple </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints complete list</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tuple</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints first element of the list</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tuple</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints elements starting from 2nd till 3rd </span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tuple</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints elements starting from 3rd element</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinytuple </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints list two times</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tuple </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">+</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinytuple </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints concatenated lists</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
This will produce the following result:</div>
<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">('abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003)
abcd
(786, 2.23)
(2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003)
(123, 'john', 123, 'john')
('abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.200000000000003, 123, 'john')
</pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Following is invalid with tuple, because we attempted to update a tuple, which is not allowed. Similar case is possible with lists:</div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tuple </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'abcd'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">786</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2.23</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">70.2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
list </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'abcd'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">786</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2.23</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">70.2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tuple</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1000</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Invalid syntax with tuple</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
list</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1000</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Valid syntax with list</span></pre>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Python Dictionary:</h2>
</div>
<div>
dictionary එකක් යනු එකවර data විශාල ප්රමාණයක් store කරගත් හැකි data type එකකි.එය table එකකට සමාන වෙයි.</div>
<div>
dictionary එක assign කිරීම සඳහා {} යොදාගන්නා අතර එයට data add කිරීම සඳහා [] යොදාගනියි.</div>
<div>
උදා:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
dict </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{}</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
dict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'one'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"This is one"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
dict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"This is two"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
tinydict </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{</span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'name'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'john'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'code'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">6734</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'dept'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'sales'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> dict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'one'</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints value for 'one' key</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> dict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: #006666; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints value for 2 key</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinydict </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints complete dictionary</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinydict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">keys</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">()</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints all the keys</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> tinydict</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">values</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">()</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># Prints all the values</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
This will produce the following result:</div>
<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">This is one
This is two
{'dept': 'sales', 'code': 6734, 'name': 'john'}
['dept', 'code', 'name']
['sales', 6734, 'john']
</pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Dictionaries have no concept of order among elements. It is incorrect to say that the elements are "out of order"; they are simply unordered.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Data Type Conversion:</h2>
</div>
<div>
එක් data type එකකින් assign කර ඇති data එකක් තවත් data type එකක් බවට පරිවර්තනය කල හැක.ඒ සඳහා python වල සකසන ලද විශේෂ functions කිහිපයක් පවතී. ඒවා පහත දැක්වෙයි.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<table class="src" style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); color: black; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 8px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 560px;"><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">Function</th><th style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">Description</th></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
int(x [,base])</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts x to an integer. base specifies the base if x is a string.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
long(x [,base] )</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts x to a long integer. base specifies the base if x is a string.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
float(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts x to a floating-point number.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
complex(real [,imag])</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Creates a complex number.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
str(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts object x to a string representation.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
repr(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts object x to an expression string.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
eval(str)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Evaluates a string and returns an object.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
tuple(s)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts s to a tuple.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
list(s)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts s to a list.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
set(s)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts s to a set.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
dict(d)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Creates a dictionary. d must be a sequence of (key,value) tuples.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
frozenset(s)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts s to a frozen set.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
chr(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts an integer to a character.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
unichr(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts an integer to a Unicode character.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
ord(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts a single character to its integer value.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
hex(x)</div>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
Converts an integer to a hexadecimal string.</div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
oct(x)</div>
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Converts an integer to an octal string.</div>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-1504177220843119692014-03-02T01:11:00.000-08:002014-03-02T04:51:02.013-08:00(#3)Basic Syntax<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Python Identifiers:</h2>
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programming වලදී යම්කිසි object එකක් හැඳින්වීමට යොදාගන්නා නමක් පොදුවේ<br />Identifier එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.මෙය variable එකක් function එකක් class එකක් හෝ object එකක් විය හැකිය.මේවාට නම් ලබාදීමේදී අපට කැමති නම් ලබාදිය නොහැකි අතර ඒ සඳහා නීති මාලාවක් පවතියි.ඒවා පහත ලෙස වෙයි</div>
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<li><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">identifier එකක් ආරම්භ කළ යුත්තේ ඉංග්රීසි capital (A-Z) අකුරකින් simple (a-z) අකුරකින් හෝ underscore(_) එක මගින් පමණි වෙනත් කිසිඳු character එකකින් ආරම්භ කළ නොහැක.</span></li>
<li>එක අකුරක් පමණක් වුවද <span style="line-height: 24px;">identifier එකට ප්රමාණවත් වෙයි.තවත් අකුරු යොදන්නේ නම් ඒ සඳහා අකුරු underscore එක මෙන්ම 0 සිට 9 දක්වා වූ ඕනෑම ඉලක්කමක් හෝ ඉලක්කම් කිහිපයක් වුවද ඇතුලත් කල හැක.</span></li>
<li><span style="line-height: 24px;">පෙර කී අකුරු හා symbols හැරුණු විට වෙනත් කිසිම character එකක් </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifiers හැදින්වීමට යොදාගත නොහැක.</span></li>
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<span style="line-height: 24px;">identifiers case sensitive වෙයි . එනම් capital හා simple අකුරු වෙනස් වශයෙන් සලකයි.Man හා man යනු එකිනෙකට වෙනස් </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifiers දෙකක් වෙයි.</span><div>
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<span style="line-height: 24px;">identifiers නම් කිරීමේදී බලපාන තවත් නීති.</span></div>
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<li><span style="line-height: 24px;">class name එකක පළමු අකුර capital විය යුතු අතර අනෙක් සියළුම අකුරු simple විය යුතුය.</span></li>
<li><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifier එකක් </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">underscore එකකින් ආරම්භ කරයිනම් එය private </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifier එකක් ලෙස සලකයි.</span></li>
<li><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifier එකක් </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">underscore දෙකකින් ආරම්භ කරයිනම් එය strongly private </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifier එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.</span></li>
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<span style="line-height: 24px;">key words ලෙස වෙන්කර ඇති වචන කිහිපයක් ඇති අතර ඒවා </span><span style="line-height: 24px;">identifiers ලෙස භාවිතා කල නොහැක.</span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 24px;">පහත දැක්වෙන්නේ එම වචනයි.</span></div>
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<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">and</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">exec</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">not</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">assert</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">finally</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">or</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">break</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">for</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">pass</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">class</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">from</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">print</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">continue</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">global</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">raise</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">def</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">if</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">return</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">del</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">import</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">try</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">elif</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">in</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">while</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">else</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">is</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">with</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">except</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">lambda</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); margin: 0px; padding: 5px;">yield</td></tr>
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Lines and Indentation:</h2>
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python වල code blocks වෙන් කිරීමට වරහන් හෝ කමා භාවිතා නොකරයි.එම සියල්ල වෙන් කිරීම indentation වලින් සිදුකරන අතර එම නිසා නිවැරදිව indentation තැබීම ඉතා වැදගත් වෙයි.</div>
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එකම කොටසට අයිතිවෙන හැම code line එකකටම සමාන indentation එකක් තිබිය යුතුය.</div>
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උදා;</div>
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<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">if</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">True</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"True"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">else</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"False"</span></pre>
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මෙය නිවැරදිය.</div>
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<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">if</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">True</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"Answer"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"True"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">else</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"Answer"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"False"</span></pre>
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නමුත් ඉහත else එක යටතේ ඇති code lines දෙකෙහි indentation දෙක එකිනෙකට වෙනස් නිසා error එකක් පෙන්වයි.කෙසේ වෙතත් IDLE එක භාවිතයේදී එය නිවැරදි තැනට curser එක auto යොමු කරන නිසා ඒ ගැන වැඩි වශයෙන් බියවිය යුතු නැත.</div>
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Quotation in Python:</h2>
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python වල වචන වාක්ය ආදී strings දැක්වීමේදී single quotation (') එක හෝ double quotation (") එක යන දෙකෙන් ඕනෑම එකක් භාවිතා කල හැකි අතර මේ දෙකෙන් එකක් හෝ නොදමයි නම් error එකක් පෙන්වයි.</div>
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<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">word </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'word'</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
sentence </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"This is a sentence."</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
paragraph </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"""This is a paragraph. It is
made up of multiple lines and sentences."""</span></pre>
<h2 style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 2px;">
Comments in Python:</h2>
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මෙහි ඇතුලත් වන්නේ single line comments පමණි. comment කල යුතු හැම වාක්යයක් ඉදිරියෙන්ම # ලකුණ යෙදිය යුතුය.</div>
<div>
<pre class="prettyprint tryit prettyprinted" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/link.png) !important; background-position: 100% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat !important; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); cursor: default; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#!/usr/bin/python</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># First comment</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: #000088; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">print</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"Hello, Python!"</span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># second comment</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
This will produce the following result:</div>
<pre class="result" style="background-color: #f1f1f1; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;">Hello, Python!
</pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
A comment may be on the same line after a statement or expression:</div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">name </span><span class="pun" style="color: #666600; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="color: #008800; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"Madisetti"</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># This is again comment</span></pre>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
You can comment multiple lines as follows:</div>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px solid rgb(214, 214, 214); font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 5px; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 549.765625px;"><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># This is a comment.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># This is a comment, too.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># This is a comment, too.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</span><span class="com" style="color: #880000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"># I said that already.</span></pre>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-45642500497972830482014-03-01T23:09:00.004-08:002014-03-02T04:52:14.998-08:00(#2)First python programmeකලින් කොටසේදී python IDLE එක install කරගන්නා ආකාරය කියාදුන් නිසා.අපි එම IDLE එක භාවිතයෙන් programme ලිවීමට හුරුවෙමු.ප්රථමයෙන් install කරගත් python IDLE එක open කරගන්න.එය පහත ලෙස දිස්වනු ඇත.<br />
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මෙහි දැක්වෙන කොටස shell එක ලෙස හඳුන්වන අතර , මෙහි දැක්වෙන >>> ඉදිරියෙන් coding type කර කෙලින්ම execute කර හැකි අතර.වෙන වෙනම කරන ලද codings python files වශයෙන් save කරගැනීම සඳහා File > NewFile (Ctrl+N) මගින් අලුත් files open කරගතහැකිය.</div>
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shell එක තුළ code එකක් type කර enter එක press කරවිට එය execute වන අතර file එකක කරයි නම් එම file එක .py යන extention එකෙන් save කළ යුතුය. (test.py) ඉන් පසු run click කර execute කරගත යුතුය.</div>
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syntax හුරුවීම සඳහා type කර execute කර බැලීමට shell එක යෝග්ය වන අතර ,programme එකක් code කිරීමේදී new file එකක් ගෙන file වශයෙන් code කිරීම සුදුසු වෙයි.</div>
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අපි සරළ උදාහරණයක් ගනිමු.ඔබගේ නම python shell එක තුළ display කරගැනීම සඳහා programme එකක් ලියමු.</div>
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මෙහිදී print "" යන්න භාවිතා කරයි. ඔබට display කරගැනීමට අවශ්ය වචනය double quotation ("") තුළ type කර enter කරන්න. ඉලක්කමක් display කරගැනීමට අවශ්යනම් double quotations අවශ්ය නොවේ.</div>
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eg-</div>
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<span style="color: blue;"> print "your name"</span></div>
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<span style="color: blue;"> print 5</span></div>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-51477626004102142192014-03-01T22:16:00.000-08:002014-03-02T04:52:50.623-08:00(#1)Intruduction and Installationpython යනු ඉතාමත් පහසුවෙන් ඉගනගතහැකි සරළ language එකකි.programming මුලින්ම ඉගනගන්නන් සඳහා වඩාත් යෝග්ය language එකක් ලෙස මෙය හැඳින්විය හැකිය.එහි පහත සඳහන් ලක්ෂණ දැකගතහැකිය.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Python is Interpreted -execute කිරීමට පෙර compile කිරීමක් අවශ්ය නොවේ.</li>
<li>Python is Interactive </li>
<li>Python is Object-Oriented </li>
<li>Python is Beginner's Language</li>
</ul>
එමෙන්ම මෙහි පහත දැක්වෙන පහසුකම් පවතියි.<br />
<div>
<ul class="list" style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 15px;">
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Easy-to-learn</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Easy-to-read</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Easy-to-maintain</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">A broad standard library</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Interactive Mode</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Portable</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Extendable</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Databases</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">GUI Programming</b></div>
</li>
<li style="background-image: url(http://www.tutorialspoint.com/images/icon-bullet.png); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 19px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.8em; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Scalable</b></div>
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">එම නිසා<span style="font-size: 11.818181991577148px;"> </span></span>programming ප්රථමයෙන් ඉගනගන්නන් සඳහා මෙය ඉතාමත් ගැලපෙන language එකකි</div>
<div>
python ඉගනගැනීම සඳහාත් code execute කරබැලීම සඳහාත් IDE එකක් භාවිතා කිරීම වඩාත් පහසු වෙයි.පහත link එකෙන් තමන්ගේ operating system එකට ගැලපෙන python setup එක download කර install කරගන්න . </div>
<div>
http://www.python.org/download/releases/2.7.6/<br />
මෙම link එකෙන් setup එක download කරගතහැකි අතර එය double click කිරීමෙන් install කරගත හැකිය. install කිරීම අපහසු නොවන අතර සාමාන්ය software එකක් install කරන ආකාරයටම next button එක click කරගෙන් යාමෙන් install කරගත හැකිය.</div>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-52633193699319426502014-02-28T18:52:00.000-08:002014-03-07T20:39:18.087-08:00(#7) Open Adressing (ii)<h3>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">02.Qudratic
Probing</span></span></h3>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙහිදී අප යොදාගන්නා ප්රධාන hash </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එක භාවිතයෙන් table එකට keys map කරගනියි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකක් සිදු වූ විට එය විසඳා ගැනීම සඳහා තවත් විශේෂිත
වූ </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">function
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකක් යොදාගනියි. එය පහතින් දැක්වෙයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">c(1) = h(k) + i<sup>2<o:p></o:p></sup></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> c(2) = h(k) - i<sup>2<o:p></o:p></sup></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><sup><br /></sup></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙහි i යනු </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1,2,3,……(T<sub>size</sub>-1)/2
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">දක්වා වූ පූර්ණ සංඛ්යාය.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">h(k) </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එක මගින් ලැබෙන slot number එක පිරී ඇත්නම් ප්රථමයෙන් එම ලැබුණු number
එකට 1</span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2</span></sup><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">(</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">h(k) + i<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">)<sup>
</sup>එකතු කරයි.එමගින් ලැබෙන slot එකද පිරී ඇත්නම් ප්රථමයෙන්ම ලැබුණු අගයෙන් 1</span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2</span></sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> අඩු කර බලයි.</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">(</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">h(k) - i<sup>2</sup></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">) එවිට ලැබෙන අගය ඍන අගයක්නම් එයට </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">table size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එක එකතු කරයි.එසේ ලැබුණු slot එකද පිරී ඇත්නම් නැවතත් 2</span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2 </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකතු
කර බලයි. මෙලෙස හිස් slot එකක් ලැබෙනතුරු i සවල අගය වැඩි කරමින් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">i= (T<sub>size</sub>-1)/2
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">දක්වා අගයන් ආදේශ කර බැලීම සිදු කරයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">පෙර සාකච්චා කරනලද උදාහරණයම මෙම ක්රමයෙන් විසඳා
බලමු.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h1(key) = key mod m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Insert the keys {22, 1,
13, 11, 24, 33}<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(22) = 22 mod 11 = 0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(1) = 1 mod 11 = 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(13) = 13 mod 11 = 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(11) = 11 mod 11
=0 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">දැන්
0ට 1<sup>2</sup> එකතු කර බලයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(11) + </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 0 + </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">= 1 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">පිරී ඇත </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(11) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 0 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">= </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">1</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> මෙය ඍන අගයකි.ඍන අගයක් ලැබුණු විට එයට table </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එක එකතු කල යුතුය.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(11) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">+ </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">T<sub>size
</sub>= -1 + 11 = 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">10 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">හිස්වන
අතර එමනිසා එහි 11 store කරනු ලැබේ.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(24)
= 24mod 11 = 2 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(24) + </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 2 + 1
= 3 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">3වන
slot එක හිස් වන අතර එහි 24 store කරයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">) = </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">mod 11 = </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">0</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(33) + </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 0 + </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">= 1 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">පිරී ඇත </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(33) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 0 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">= </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">1</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> මෙය ඍන අගයකි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(33)
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">1<sup>2</sup></span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">+ </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">T<sub>size
</sub>= -1 + 11 = 10 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙයද පිරී ඇත.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">දැන්
2<sup>2</sup> එකතු කර බලයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(33) +
2</span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">2</span></sup><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 0 + 2</span><sup><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">2</span></sup><sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span></sup><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">= 4 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙම slot එක හිස් වන අතර එමනිසා
මෙහි 33 store කරනු ලැබේ.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p></o:p><br />
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><br /></span></span></h3>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">03.Double hashing</span></span></h3>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙහිදී
ප්රථම </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">hashing function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකෙන්
key එකට අදාළ slot එක සොයාගන්නා අතර </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකක් ඇති උවහොත් දෙවන </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">hashing function</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> එකක් සාදාගෙන ප්රථම හා
දෙවන </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">hashing function</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">s
දෙකම සංයුක්ත කර සාදනු ලබන අලුත් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">hashing function</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> එකක් භාවිතයෙන් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">index </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">සොයයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h<sub>1</sub>(k) = k mod m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h<sub>2</sub>(k) = [k mod (m-1)] + 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(k, i) = [h<sub>1</sub>(k) + i*h<sub>2</sub>(k)]
mod m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මුලින්ම </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h<sub>1</sub></span><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></sub><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එක යොදාගෙන අදාළ slot එක
සොයාගනියි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">collision </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ඇතිවුවහොත්
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(k, i)</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක යොදාගෙන හිස්ව පවතින වෙනත් slot එකක්
සොයාගනියි.පෙරලෙසම මෙහිද </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">I = </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1,2,3,……(T<sub>size</sub>-1)/2
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> වෙයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">කලින් ක්රමයේදී ලෙසම i = 1 යෙදු විට ලැබෙන slot එක
හිස් නොමැතිනම් i= 2 යොදා බලයි.මෙලෙස හිස් slot එකක් ලැබෙනතුරු අගයන් ආදේශ කර
බලයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">පෙර උදාහරණයම මෙම ක්රමයෙන්ද විසඳා බලමු.</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Insert the keys {22, 1,
13, 11, 24, 33}<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h<sub>1</sub>(k) = k mod m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h<sub>2</sub>(k) = [k mod (m-1)] + 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(k, i) = [h<sub>1</sub>(k) + i*h<sub>2</sub>(k)]
mod m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(22) = 22 mod 11 = 0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(1) = 1 mod 11 = 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(13) = 13 mod 11 = 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(11) = 11 mod 11
=0 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">දැන් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(k, i) = [h<sub>1</sub>(k) + i*h<sub>2</sub>(k)]
mod m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(11,1) = [h<sub>1</sub>(11) + 1*h<sub>2</sub>(11)]
mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 1 * {(11 mod 10) + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 1 * 1 + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 2 mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 2 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> not empty<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">දැන් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">i=2 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">යොදා බලයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
h(11,2) = [h<sub>1</sub>(11) + 2*h<sub>2</sub>(11)] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 2 * {(11 mod 10) + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 2 * 2}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 4 mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
=4 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">දැන් 11 , 4 වන slot
එකෙහි store කරයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(24)
= 24mod 11 = 2 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(24,1) = [h<sub>1</sub>(24)
+ 1*h<sub>2</sub>(24)] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [2 + 1 * {(24 mod 10) + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [2 + 1 * (4 + 1)}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 7mod 11</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> = 7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h(</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">)
= </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">mod 11 = </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">0</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(33,1) = [h<sub>1</sub>(33)
+ 1*h<sub>2</sub>(33)] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 1 * {(33 mod 10) + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 1 *( 3 + 1)}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 4 mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 4 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> not empty<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
h(33,2) = [h<sub>1</sub>(33) + 2*h<sub>2</sub>(33)]
mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 2 * {(33 mod 10) + 1}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= [0 + 2 * 4}] mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
= 8 mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
=8 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Open Addressing load factor (α)</span></span></h3>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙහිදී slot එකක ගබඩා
කරන්නේ එකම element එකක් පමණක් නිසා </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">load factor </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක එකට වඩා වැඩිවිය
නොහැක.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Analysis of Open Addressing </span></span></h3>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Unsuccessful Search </span></span></h4>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">•Expected no. of probes required to find an
empty location is at most {1/(1- α)}. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Successful Search </span></span></h4>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">•Expected no. of probes in a successful search
is at most {1/α ln 1/ (1- α)}. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Consider an open-address hash table with a
load factor α. Find the nonzero value α for which the expected number of probes
in an unsuccessful search equals twice the expected number of probes in a
successful search. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-32100790713777856182014-02-22T20:25:00.000-08:002014-03-07T20:38:54.443-08:00(#6) Open Addressing (i)<h3>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Open
Addressing</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙහිදී
සියලුම elements අදාළ hash table එකේම store කරගැනීම සිදුකරනුලබයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">යම්කිසි
key එකක් element එකක් store වී ඇති slot එකකට යොමු වූ විට එම key එක නැවත element
එකක් store වී නොමැති slot එකකට යොමු කිරීම මගින් </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collisions </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">විසඳා ගැනීම සිදු කරනු ලබයි.මෙහිදී </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">collisions </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">විසඳා ගැනීමට ප්රධාන ක්රමවේදයන් 3ක් අනුගමනය
කරයි.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">01.Linear
Probing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">02.Quadratic
Probing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">03.Double
Hashing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #351c75;">01.Linear
Probing</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙහිදී
hash </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකෙන් ලබාදෙන slot එක වෙත ප්රථමයෙන්ම element එක
යොමුකරනු ලබයි.එම slot එක හිස් එකක් නොවුනහොත් එතැන් සිට පහලට ඇති slots සියල්ලම
check කරගෙන යන අතර හමුවන ප්රථම emphty slot එකෙහි element එක store කරයි.අපි මෙය
පහත උදාහරණය මගින් පැහැදිලි කරගනිමු.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Given a hash table with
m=11 entries and the following hash function h1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h1(key) = key mod m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Insert the keys {22, 1,
13, 11, 24, 33} in the given order (from left to right) to the hash table <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙහිදී
ප්රථමයෙන් hash </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">එකට
key </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">values </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ආදේශ
කර slot එක සොයාගත් යුතුය. </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">h h(k) = k mod m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(22) = 22 mod 11 = 0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(1) = 1 mod 11 = 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(13) = 13 mod 11 = 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(11) = 11 mod 11 =0 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙම slot එක දැනටමත් පිරී ඇත (</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">collision</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">)</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">මෙවිට
එතැන් සිට පහලට ඇති slot check කරගෙන යන අතර 1 හා 2 ද පිරී ඇති නිසා </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ප්රථමයෙන්
හමුවන empty slot එක වන්නේ 3යි .එමනිසා 3 වන slot එකෙහි 11 store කරනු ලැබේ.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(24) = 24mod 11
= 2 </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">2</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">වන slot එක පිරී ඇති අතර
එතැන් සිට පහලට check කරගෙන යයි. 3වන slot
එකද පිරී ඇති නිසා ප්රථමයෙන් අහුවන හිස් slot එක්වන 4හි 24 store කරයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> h(</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">) = </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">33</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">mod 11 = </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">0</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"> collision<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">0
පිරී ඇත. empty slot එකක් ලැබෙනතුරු පහලට check කරගෙන යයි. 0 සිට 4 දක්වා slot
සියල්ලම පිරී ඇත.ප්රථමයෙන් සිදුවන හිස් slot එක වන්නේ 5යි එමනිසා එහි 33 store
කරයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Algorithm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">Hash-Insert(T,k) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";">i </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">0 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">repeat j </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">h(k,i)
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">if T[j] = NIL <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">then T[j] </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">k <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">return j <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">else i </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">i + 1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">until i = m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Error “ hash table overflow”</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Hash-Search(T,k) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">i </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">0
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">repeat
j </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">h(k,i)
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">if
T[j] = k <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">then
return j <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">i
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">ß</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">i
+ 1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">until
T[j] = NIL or i = m <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">return
NIL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙය implement කිරීමට
පහසු ක්රමයක් වන අතර ,</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">නමුත් </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">primary clustering</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> යන ගැටලුව මතුවියහැකිය.එනම් store කිරීමට ප්රමාණවත් slot ප්රමාණයක්
නොමැති වීම නිසා ඇතිවන ගැටලුවකි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">clustering </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">නිසා </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">average search time</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එක </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> increase</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> වීම සිදුවෙයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-66233892384391376992014-02-14T04:55:00.000-08:002014-02-14T05:11:01.843-08:00(#4) Hash Function (ii)<div id="fb-root">
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<h3>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #351c75;">02.Compression Map</span></span></h3>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">මෙහිදී </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">h<sub>1</sub></span><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">මගින් සොයාගන්නාලද integer එක භාවිතා කොට store කිරීම සඳහා </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් සොයාගැනීම සිදු කරයි.මෙහිද ප්රධආන ආකාර කිහිපයක් ඇත.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">i.Division Method<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">ii.Mid-Square function<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">iii.Extraction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">iv.Radix Transformation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">v.Truncation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">vi.MAD Method<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">i.Division</span></span></h4>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">key </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක k ලෙස ගනිමු. මෙහිදී බොහෝ විට mod කිරීම (</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">modulus</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">)</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">සංඛ්යාවක් යම්කිසි සංඛ්යාවකින් බෙදා ශේෂය පිළිතුර ලෙස ලබා ගැනීම සිදු කරයි.බොහෝ විට key එක බෙදනු ලබන්නේ </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">table size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකෙනි.එවිට ලැබෙන පිළිතුර හැමවිටම </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">table size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකට වඩා කුඩා වීම එයට හේතුවයි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">h(k) = K mod TSize</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">K = { 44, 56, 79}<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">h: U → {0, 1, ..., 10 }<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">h( k ) = k mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">උදාහරණයක් ලෙස 44 යන key එක සලකා බලමු.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">h( k ) = k mod 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">h( 44) = 44 mod 11</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
= <span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">h( k ) = k mod m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">m </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">සඳහා අගයක් තෝරා ගැනීමේදී පහත නීති අනුගමනය කල යුතුය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">2 බලයන් m ලෙස යොදා නොගනියි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">decimal අගයන් keys ලෙස ඇති විට m සඳහා 10 බලයන් යොදා නොගනියි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">වඩාත් සුදුසු වන්නේ 2 බලයන්ට එතරම්ම සමීප නොවන ප්රථමක (prime ) සංඛ්යාය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">ii.Mid Square Function</span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">key එක වර්ගකල ලැබෙන පිළිතුරෙහි මැද ඇති ඉලක්කම් කිහිපයක් </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">එක ලෙස තෝරාගැනීම මෙහිදී සිදු කරයි.key එක string එකක්නම් hash </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">code map </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">වලදී යොදාගත් ක්රමයක් භාවිතා කරමින් ප්රථමයෙන් එය </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">integer </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">එකක් බවට පත්කරගෙන සිටිය යුතුය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">උදාහරණයක් ලෙස 3121 key එක ලෙස ඇතැයි සලකන්න</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">h (</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">3121</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">)</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"> = (3121)<sup>2 </sup>= 97<span style="color: #0070c0;">406</span>41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">h(3121) = <span style="color: #0070c0;">406<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0070c0;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0070c0;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">iii.Extraction</span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">key එක ඉතා විශාල සංඛ්යාවක් වන අවස්ථා වලදී ඉන් කොටසක් වෙන් කරගෙන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">එක ලෙස භාවිතා කරයි.මෙහිදී මුල කොටස ,මැද කොටස ,අග කොටස හෝ තෝරාගත් වෙනත් ඕනෑම කොටසක් භාවිතා කල හැකිය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">උදාහරණයක් ලෙස </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">123456789 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">යන key එක සලකන්න .</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">first four digits 1234<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">last four digits 6789<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">the first two combined with last two 1289 or<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">some other combination<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">iv.Radix Transformation</span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">කිසියම් පාදයකින් ඇති key එකක් වෙනත් පාදයකට හරවා එය </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">index </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">එක ලෙස භාවිතා කිරීම මෙහිදී සිදු කරයි.පාදය වෙනස් කිරීමෙන් පසු ලැබෙන අගය විශාල වැඩිනම් එය mod කිරීම හෝ වෙනත් ක්රමයක් මගින් කුඩා අගයක් බවට පත්කරගත්හැකිය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">h(345<sub>10</sub>) = 423<sub>9<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">index number = 423<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">vi.Truncation</span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">key එකේ ඇති part එකක් ඉවත් කර දමා ඉතිරිය </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">index </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">එක ලෙස භාවිතා කිරීමයි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">Employee number: 001364789<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">Table size: 1000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">- h(x) = (last three digits) = 789<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">- h(x) = (digits 4, 6, 8) = 348<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">- h(x) = partition in 3-digits, add together,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">and truncate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">= (001) + (364) + (789) = 1154 and ignore last bit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">vii.MAD</span></span></h4>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">Multiple add and devide<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;">මෙහිදී පහත දැක්වෙන ආකාරයේ සූත්රයක් භාවිතා කරයි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 20.700000762939453px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<i><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">h</span></i><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">(<i>k</i>) = [(<i>ak </i>+ <i>b</i>) mod <i>p</i>] mod <i>n</i></span><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">n table </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකට වඩා කුඩා ප්රථමක (prime) සංඛ්යාවක් විය යුතුය.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">a හා b ධන නිඛිල (integers) විය යුතුය.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">a mod n ≠0 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">විය යුතුය ,නැතහොත් සියලුම සංඛ්යා b වල එකම අගයක් කරා map විය හැක.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #351c75;">Simple Uniform Hashing</span></span></h3>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">ඕනෑම element එකක් තෝරාගත් slot එකකට යොමු වීමට ඇති සම්භාවිතාව සමාන නම් එය </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">simple uniform hashing </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලබයි.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Load Factor(</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">α</span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #351c75;">)</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><o:p></o:p></span></span></h3>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">Hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකෙහි </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">efficiency </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක මැනීම සඳහා මෙය භාවිතා කරන අතර </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">α</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> හි අගය 1 ට ආසන්න වන තරමට </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකේ </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;">efficiency </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක වැඩිය.</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 13.5pt;">a </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;">= <u>the number of elements stored in the table</u><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #274e13;"> the size of the table’s array</span></span><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-14662493915441467052014-02-07T11:37:00.000-08:002014-02-07T11:41:46.054-08:00(#3) Hash Function (i)<div id="fb-root">
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<h3>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #351c75;">Hash function </span></span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක අප බොහෝවිට </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">functions </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">දෙකක
එකතුවක් මගින් සාදාගනුලබයි. </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">hash
function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">h </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">නම්</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> h(x)
= h<sub>2</sub>(h<sub>1</sub>(x))
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">ලෙස වෙයි. මෙහිදී අපට store කිරීමට අවශ්ය කරන key එක </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">integer </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් බවට පත්කරගැනීම h</span><sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">1
</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකෙන් සිදු කරනු ලබයි.එම සොයාගනු ලබන integer එක </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">h<sub>2
</sub> function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකට ආදේශ කළ විට එම key එකට
අදාළ </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක ගණනය කරගනු ලැබේ. </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක සාදාගැනීමට අවශ්යකරන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">sub
functions </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">දෙක සාදාගන්නා ආකාර කිහිපයක් ඇත.මේවා
ප්රධාන කොටස් දෙකකට බෙදා දැක්විය හැකිය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Hash Code Map</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">(h<sub>1</sub></span><sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></sub><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">සෑදීමට බෝහවිට යොදාගනියි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Compression Map</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> (</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">h<sub>2</sub> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">සෑදීමට බොහෝවිට යොදාගනියි.)</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Perfect
Hash Function</span></span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Search time </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක O (1) වනපරිදි hash </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">function
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් ගොඩනැගිය හැකිනම් එවනි </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකකට </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">perfect hash function </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක්යැයි කියනු
ලැබේ.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #073763;">01.Hash
Code Map</span></span></h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -.25in; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span>i.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Integer Cast<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -.25in; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span>ii.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Summing Components<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -.25in; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span>iii.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Polynomial
Accumilation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">අපට store කිරීමට අවශ්ය කරන
key එකේ ඇති කුමක් හෝ </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">attribute </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් භාවිතා කරමින් එය integer එකකට
පරිවර්තනය කරගැනීම මෙහිදී සිදු කරයි. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස store කලයුතු වන්නේ වචනයක්නම්
එහි අකුරු වල </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">ASCII values </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">වල එකතුව යොදාගැනීම හෝ </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">bit size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක යොදාගැනීම වැනි දෑ දක්වියහැකිය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">i.</span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Integer Cast</span><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">මෙමගින් key එකේ වෙනත් data type එකකින් ඇති bit, integer එකක් බවට
convert කරගැනීම සිදු කරයි.key එක ඇති data type එක integer</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">data type එකට වඩා කුඩා </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">bit size </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් ඇති data type එකක්නම්
මෙම ක්රමය වඩාත් සුදුසුවෙයි..(උදා; </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">byte,
short, int, float in java</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">) </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">long </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">සහ </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">doube </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">සඳහා මෙමෙ ක්රමය සුදුසු නොවේ.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH3P35-BH5iNry8oSlIyE75OP6vFQgvudtMBhIWm4zuct1TV8haxCv8eX95_D0kMjN8kDDPyugJeS7dsebtKNFXJ1mKOz3U9FQskXj0Xa1zHoyQ3470biRRWSKcbVIbRmpnPkSSOP-wK4/s1600/18.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH3P35-BH5iNry8oSlIyE75OP6vFQgvudtMBhIWm4zuct1TV8haxCv8eX95_D0kMjN8kDDPyugJeS7dsebtKNFXJ1mKOz3U9FQskXj0Xa1zHoyQ3470biRRWSKcbVIbRmpnPkSSOP-wK4/s1600/18.jpg" height="314" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> • int intKey = (int) „A‟; /* intKey = 65 */</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> • char charKey = (char) 78;</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span lang="SI-LK"></span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> /* charKey = „N‟ */</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Integer
Casting </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">මගින් යම්කිසි වෙනත් data type එකක්
integer එකක් බවට පත්කිරීම සිදුකලහැකිය.මෙහිදී සිදුකරනු ලබන්නේ එයයි.වෙනත් data
type එකක ඇති key එක integer එකක් බවට පත්කළ එය කෙලින්ම key එක store කිරීමට අවශ්ය
කරන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">array index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක ලෙස යෝදාගතහැකිය.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">ii.</span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Summing Components</span><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">key එක string එකක් වන
අවස්ථා වලදී මෙය භාවිතා කලහැකිය.එවිට string එකේ ඇති </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">characters </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">වල </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">ASCII</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">values </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">වල එකතුව ලබාගනියි.එම ලැබෙන එකතුව </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">key </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක store කරන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">array index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක ලෙස යොදාගනියි.key එක ලෙස පහත වචන
ඇති අවස්ථා සලකන්න.එවිට එමගින් </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">array index number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක සාදාගන්නා ආකාරය පහත උදාහරණවලින්
දක්වා ඇත.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">iii.Polinomial
Accumilation</span></span></h4>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">මෙහිදී key එකේ ඇති යම් යම් </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">attributes
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">භාවිතා කරමින් </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">polynomial </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එකක් (බහුපදයක් ) සාදාගැනීම සිදු කරයි.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">0</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a<sup>k-1</sup> +
x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">1</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a<sup>k-2</sup> +……+
x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">k-2</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a + x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">k-1</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
x<sub>k-1 </sub>+<sub> </sub> a(x<sub>k-2 </sub>+ a(x<sub>k-3</sub> +…..+ a(x<sub>2
</sub>+ a x<sub>0</sub>))… )<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">උදාහරණයක්
ලෙස key එකට string එකක් ඇති අවසථාවක්
සලකමු.</span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">එවිට , k = string එකේ ඇති characters ගණන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
x = character වල </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ASCII value </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">එක</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> a = string length එක 2න් බෙදූ විට ලැබෙන අගය ලෙස ගනිමු.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: large;">x<sub>0</sub>a<sup>k-1</sup> + x<sub>1</sub>a<sup>k-2</sup> +……+
x<sub>k-2</sub>a + x<sub>k-1</sub> </span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">උදා: </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">NOTE </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">යන වචනය key එක ලෙස ඇතැයි සලකන්න.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එවිට ,</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">k = 4 </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a
= 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">0</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">= 78, x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">1 </span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">=
79, x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">2 </span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">= 84, x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">3
</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">= 69<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">Index
number = x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">0</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a<sup>k-1</sup> + x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">1</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a<sup>k-2</sup> +……+
x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">k-2</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">a + x</span><sub><span style="font-size: 10pt;">k-1</span></sub><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> =
78(2)<sup>4-1 </sup>+ 79 (2)<sup>4-2
</sup> + 84 (2)<sup>4-3 </sup> + 69 (2)<sup>4-4<o:p></o:p></sup></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<sup><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></sup><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">= 78 (2)<sup>3 </sup> + 79(2)<sup>2 </sup> + 84 (2)<sup>1 </sup> + 69(2)<sup>0
</sup><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> = 78* 8 + 79 * 4 + 84* 2 + 69 *1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> =
624 + 316 + 168 + 69<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> = 1177<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">දැන් </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">NOTE </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">යන string එක array එකෙහි </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">1177 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">වන </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">index </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">එක තුල store කල හැක.</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h3>
</h3>
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</div>Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-16292535519854078752014-02-01T01:51:00.000-08:002014-02-01T04:09:06.315-08:00(#2)Intruduction to Hashing<div id="fb-root">
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<h2>
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Searching Algorithms</b></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">computer
</span>science <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලදී ගොඩක් වැදගත් දෙයක් තමයි </span>searching
algorithms <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කියල කියන්නේ.
විවිධ </span>list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලින් </span>arrays
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලින් </span>items search <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කරගන්න
අපිට සිද්දවෙනවා.එතැනදී යම්කිසි </span>item <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් අඩුම
කාලයකින් සොයාගන්න </span>searching algorithms <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">භාවිතා
කරනවා.මේ </span>searching algorithms <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ප්රධාන වර්ග දෙකකි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->I)<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Sequential search<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->II)<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Binary search<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">i)Sequantial search </span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">අදාළ </span>item <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක
හමුවනතුරු </span>list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් හෝ </span>array <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක්
දිගේ අනුපිළිවෙලින් සොයාගෙන යාමයි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Best Case O(1)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Worste Case O(n)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">ii)Binary search</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
list <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක ප්රධාන කොටස් දෙකකට කඩා ඒ ඔස්සේ සොයාගෙන
යාමයි. මේ සඳහා බොහෝ විට </span>binary search tree <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක
උපයෝගී කරගනියි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Best Case O(1)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Worste Case O(logn)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">Comparison</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Insert Search<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ordered Array O(N) O(logN)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ordered list O(N) O(N)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Unordered array O(1) O(N)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Unordered list O(1) O(N)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h2>
<span style="color: #20124d;">Different Approach
for Seaching</span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ඉහත ක්රමවල </span>running time <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක වැඩිවන අතර search එකේ </span>efficiency <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක අඩුවන නිසා </span>search <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කිරීම
සඳහා වෙනත් ක්රමයක් සොයාගන්නා ලදී.මෙහිදී අදාළ </span>items ,araay <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක ගබඩා කරන අතර, අදාළ </span>array index
number <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක </span>item <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක
ඉදිරියෙන් සටහන්කර වෙනම </span>table <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් සාදාගනී.ඉන්පසු </span>item <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් සොයාගැනීමට අවශ්ය වූ විට </span>table <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක මගින් අදාළ </span>item <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක
</span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කරා ඇති </span>index number <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක
සොයාගත හැකිය.</span>search time <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක </span>O(1) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">දක්වා
අඩුකරගනීමටද හැකියාව ලැබෙයි.මේ ක්රමය සඳහා ප්රධාන වශයෙන් </span>tables <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වර්ග දෙකක් යදාගනියි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
01.Direct Access Table<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
02.Hash Table<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">Key and universel set</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">මෙහිදී අපි </span>key <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක්
යන සංකල්පය භාවිතා කරයි.</span>key <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක් යනු අපි </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කරන
</span>item<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එක හැඳින්වීමට යොදාගන්නා සංකේතයකි. අපිට </span>store
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කිරීමට අවශ්ය </span>keys <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">සියල්ලම
ඇති </span>set<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එක </span>universel
set <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක ලෙස හඳුන්වයි. එය (</span>U<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">)</span><span lang="SI-LK"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලින් සංකේත කරයි.අපි එය උදාහරණයක් මගින්
පැහැදිලිකරගනිමු.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">අපිට </span>1<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> සිට </span>100<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> දක්වා වූ </span>integer numbers <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">වලින් තෝරාගත් 50 ක් </span>array <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කළයුතුව
තිබේයැයි සලකන්න.එවිට අපි </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කරන </span>1<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">සිට </span>100<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">දක්වා වූ </span>integers
, ‘keys’ <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ලෙස හඳුන්වන අතර ,මේ </span>integers 100<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ම
අඩංගු set එක </span>univesel set (universe) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.මන්දයත් අප </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කිරීමට තෝරාගන්නා </span>integers ,50<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">න් ඕනෑම
එකක් මෙම </span>set <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකට අයිතිවන නිසාය.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">01.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Direct access table</span></h3>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<h4>
<span style="color: #073763;">Assumptions(<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">උපකල්පන </span>)</span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">i.සෑම key </span>value <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක්ම
අනන්ය වෙයි.(එක වගේ </span>keys 2 <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ක් තිබිය නොහැකිය.)</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ii.සෑම </span>key <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකක්ම
</span>universel set <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකෙන් තෝරාගනියි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="color: #0b5394;">Idea</span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Items ,Array <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එක තුළ </span>store <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">කරන
අතර ,</span>array <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">එකෙහි </span> store<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> කරනලද ස්ථානය හඳුනාගනුලබන </span> index number<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එක </span> key <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> එක මගින්
ලබාදෙනු ලබයි.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8-FT4LMgTapekAwZgKklAkNpxbLbxTfytWG9_VzFm1KCcdP-pYm5jxplox93oWwWNoSSsOIVQUui5oI5FsPMs5lbSbelGs-GEMfan55Fg9EA5IQMjZ85d9-wastJv35Jmr7BMngW_3qk/s1600/77.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8-FT4LMgTapekAwZgKklAkNpxbLbxTfytWG9_VzFm1KCcdP-pYm5jxplox93oWwWNoSSsOIVQUui5oI5FsPMs5lbSbelGs-GEMfan55Fg9EA5IQMjZ85d9-wastJv35Jmr7BMngW_3qk/s1600/77.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">T[0,1,….,m-1] </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">යන array එකක් සලකමු .(nodes m ගණනක් ඇත.)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">T වල ඇති සෑම slot එකක්ම U (</span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">universel set</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">)</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">එකේ ඇති key එකක් සමඟ සම්බන්ධය.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">දැන් key එක k
වන x element එකක් සලකමු.එවිට එය
array එකෙහි store කර ඇති ස්ථානය T[k]වලින් දක්වනු ලබයි.(array එකෙහි </span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">index
number </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">එක.)</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">
</span> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrdLMhwxMQ8t-0uQXzEAoNPdmVsbcD7865GpRPRNv9XXdDn3YkX7ZXh6BjMnhppVzb3F-Sesq18KJhY-C-VnUAMLjpt-OCkAzJ3J8oXbNmM44n3U5V8VrEVuiI6V0M5nSY0upqcdp9S1g/s1600/arr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrdLMhwxMQ8t-0uQXzEAoNPdmVsbcD7865GpRPRNv9XXdDn3YkX7ZXh6BjMnhppVzb3F-Sesq18KJhY-C-VnUAMLjpt-OCkAzJ3J8oXbNmM44n3U5V8VrEVuiI6V0M5nSY0upqcdp9S1g/s1600/arr.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<ul><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">
<li><span style="text-indent: -24px;"> අපි අදාළ element එක (x ) search කරගෙන යාමේදී T [k] null නම් එනම් එම slot එකෙහි item එකක් නොමැතිනම් ,එවනි item එකක් ලිස්ට් එකේ නොමැති බව තහවුරු කරගතහැකිය.</span></li>
</span></ul>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div>
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">අවාසි</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">store කලයුතු item ප්රමාණය array </span>size <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකට වඩා වැඩිනම් සියලුම items store කල නොහැකිය.</span></li>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">store කලයුතු item ප්රමාණයට සාපේක්ෂව </span>array
size <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක ඉතා විශාලනම් විශාල වශයෙන් ඉඩ අපතේ යා හැකිය.
(U </span><<<< T<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">)</span></li>
</ul>
<o:p></o:p><br />
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #351c75;">Hash Table</span></h3>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">key එකට අදාළ slot එක select කිරීම සඳහා </span>function
<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එකක් යොදාගනියි .එය h ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එවිට key එක k වන </span><span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">element එක store කරන slot එක h (k) වෙයි.</span></li>
<li><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙහි h යනු hash </span>function <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක වන අතර එයට key එක ආදේශ කලවිට එමගින් එය store
කලයුතු slot එකේ </span>index number <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එක ලබාදෙයි. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"> T[0,1,2,.......,m-2,m-1]</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span><o:p></o:p>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"> h : U --> {0,1,...,m-1}</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">එවිට k යන key එක h(k) වලට hash කාලයයි කියනු ලැබේ.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">වාසි</span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">අවශ්ය කරන array indexes පරාසය අඩු කරයි.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;">storage space එකද අඩු කරයි.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRChw4TtSfqxZWHmr8UsmlTSNYb3MzNX8zgDzUpui83qI_Lx3SL6tbRSJUgDY6a068vuZrhTTKhyphenhyphenkrWCLSpK2QMYuNMl31Wj7Yv_Qkiu6Tg0BFlyKfnX8i6nPqmDwndMM6yllvmKKkQ38/s1600/13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRChw4TtSfqxZWHmr8UsmlTSNYb3MzNX8zgDzUpui83qI_Lx3SL6tbRSJUgDY6a068vuZrhTTKhyphenhyphenkrWCLSpK2QMYuNMl31Wj7Yv_Qkiu6Tg0BFlyKfnX8i6nPqmDwndMM6yllvmKKkQ38/s1600/13.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-indent: -24px;">
<span style="font-family: Iskoola Pota, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<!--[if !supportLists]--><o:p></o:p><br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><o:p> </o:p></div>
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com2Kottawa, Pannipitiya, Sri Lanka6.841388900000001 79.9647221999999836.841388900000001 79.964722199999983 6.841388900000001 79.964722199999983tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-92196509245304346872013-12-16T01:48:00.002-08:002014-01-28T23:57:24.932-08:00Christmas කාලේ blog එකට Snows add කරමුද?<div id="fb-root">
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වැඩේ හරිම ලේසියි ඔයාගෙ blog එකේ dashboard එකට යන්න<br />
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Layout > Add Gadget > HTML/JavaScript වලට යන්න<br />
<br />
ඒකෙ පහල තියන code වලින් එකක් කරන්න<br />
code (1):<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.skincorner.com/snow.js"></span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"></script></span><br />
<br />
code (2):<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><script type="text/javascript"> </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> //Configure below to change URL path to the snow image </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var snowsrc="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZIJVizaeOiLyJGWkacvLMhcTy7XvKysziTm_y63GG8cyY4MKkwt0aI07SoIAPXO4IhF__PFbUpY1A9tuTI1ssqQYzpVoRMbZ5BHvDzt_KnR39_8VTGtwaAkx9MFOg2UZPghp5DUVqrQw/s400/snow.gif" </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> // Configure below to change number of snow to render </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var no =</span><span style="color: red;"> 20</span><span style="color: blue;">; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> // Configure whether snow should disappear after x seconds (0=never): </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var hidesnowtime = 0; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> // Configure how much snow should drop down before fading ("windowheight" or "pageheight") </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var snowdistance = "pageheight"; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">///////////Stop Config////////////////////////////////// </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var ie4up = (document.all) ? 1 : 0; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var ns6up = (document.getElementById&&!document.all) ? 1 : 0; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> function iecompattest(){ </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> return (document.compatMode && document.compatMode!="BackCompat")? document.documentElement : document.body </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var dx, xp, yp; // coordinate and position variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var am, stx, sty; // amplitude and step variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> var i, doc_width = 800, doc_height = 600; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (ns6up) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_width = self.innerWidth; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_height = self.innerHeight; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } else if (ie4up) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_width = iecompattest().clientWidth; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_height = iecompattest().clientHeight; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> dx = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> xp = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> yp = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> am = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> stx = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> sty = new Array(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> snowsrc=(snowsrc.indexOf("dynamicdrive.com")!=-1)? "http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MsCdyoGtGdA/UX5gk72qNoI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/LaKTmUG-aJM/s1600/snow+falling+effect.gif" : snowsrc </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> for (i = 0; i < no; ++ i) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> dx[i] = 0; // set coordinate variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> xp[i] = Math.random()*(doc_width-50); // set position variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> yp[i] = Math.random()*doc_height; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> am[i] = Math.random()*20; // set amplitude variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> stx[i] = 0.02 + Math.random()/10; // set step variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> sty[i] = 0.7 + Math.random(); // set step variables </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (ie4up||ns6up) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (i == 0) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> document.write("<div id=\"dot"+ i +"\" style=\"POSITION: absolute; Z-INDEX: "+ i +"; VISIBILITY: visible; TOP: 15px; LEFT: 15px;\"><a href=\"http://dynamicdrive.com\"><img src='"+snowsrc+"' border=\"0\"><\/a><\/div>"); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } else { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> document.write("<div id=\"dot"+ i +"\" style=\"POSITION: absolute; Z-INDEX: "+ i +"; VISIBILITY: visible; TOP: 15px; LEFT: 15px;\"><img src='"+snowsrc+"' border=\"0\"><\/div>"); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> function snowIE_NS6() { // IE and NS6 main animation function </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_width = ns6up?window.innerWidth-10 : iecompattest().clientWidth-10; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> doc_height=(window.innerHeight && snowdistance=="windowheight")? window.innerHeight : (ie4up && snowdistance=="windowheight")? iecompattest().clientHeight : (ie4up && !window.opera && snowdistance=="pageheight")? iecompattest().scrollHeight : iecompattest().offsetHeight; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> for (i = 0; i < no; ++ i) { // iterate for every dot </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> yp[i] += sty[i]; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (yp[i] > doc_height-50) { </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> xp[i] = Math.random()*(doc_width-am[i]-30); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> yp[i] = 0; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> stx[i] = 0.02 + Math.random()/10; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> sty[i] = 0.7 + Math.random(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> dx[i] += stx[i]; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> document.getElementById("dot"+i).style.top=yp[i]+"px"; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> document.getElementById("dot"+i).style.left=xp[i] + am[i]*Math.sin(dx[i])+"px"; </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> snowtimer=setTimeout("snowIE_NS6()", 10); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> function hidesnow(){ </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (window.snowtimer) clearTimeout(snowtimer) </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> for (i=0; i<no; i++) document.getElementById("dot"+i).style.visibility="hidden" </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;">if (ie4up||ns6up){ </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> snowIE_NS6(); </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> if (hidesnowtime>0) </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> setTimeout("hidesnow()", hidesnowtime*1000) </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"> } </span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"></script></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
පලවෙනි code එක බ්ලොග් එකේ පහලින් දානවනම් හොදයි . දෙවනි code එක තියන තැන ඉදන් snows තමයි වැටෙන්න පටන්ගන්නෙ<br />
දෙවනි code එකේ රතු පාටින් highlite කරල තියන number එකට කැමති number එකක් දීලා වැටෙන ප්රමාණය වැඩි කරගන්නත් පුලුවන්.
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Tharindu Ketipearachchihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09262822951887832236noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5337192529780178915.post-34800739021025035212013-12-13T13:02:00.000-08:002017-07-02T21:19:03.458-07:00Asymptotic analysis/ big O , Omega, Theta notations/(සිංහලෙන්)<div id="fb-root">
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ඔයාල algorithms ගැන ඉගනගන්නවනම් big O , Omega, Theta notations කියන්නෙ ඉතාම වැදගත් වන දේවල් ටිකක්.අපි අද බලමු මොනවද මේ big O , Omega, Theta කියන්නෙ කියල , ඒ වගේම ඒවගෙන ගණන් දුන්නම හදන්නෙ කොහොමද කියල. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<u></u>
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<u><u>Running Time</u></u></div>
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ඕනෑම algorithm එකක හෝ programme එකක efficiency එක මනින්නෙ running time එක මගින්.මේ running time එක කියන එකට හරියටම නිශ්චිතවම එක අගයක් කියන්න අමාරුයි.ඒක input size එක මත රඳා පවතින ශ්රිතයක්. එකම programme එකේ උනත් input එක වෙනස් වෙනකොට running time එක වෙනස් වෙනව. අපි මේක චූටි උදාහරණයකින් පැහැදිලිකරගනිමු.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG8Xc52b4lIiXCvpZAgp4-h-q9aK3lygX-eQLwoVnRUsLpfy7-eCvXLhXKGDwGBBFfHgZssd08bpsYc29AffX3KHnUk2CyVPHZGqxQ9i7bW4fraMMpBx9IwSpZa8qNnpqzXOd0NgefDD0/s1600/vvv.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="95" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG8Xc52b4lIiXCvpZAgp4-h-q9aK3lygX-eQLwoVnRUsLpfy7-eCvXLhXKGDwGBBFfHgZssd08bpsYc29AffX3KHnUk2CyVPHZGqxQ9i7bW4fraMMpBx9IwSpZa8qNnpqzXOd0NgefDD0/s320/vvv.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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මේ array එකේ items 6 ක් තියනව. අපි හිතමු අපිට මේකෙ 0 වෙනි index එකේ තියන item එක, ඒ කියන්නෙ 5 හොයන්න ඕනෙ කියල, අපි මේ arraynඑකේ තියන item එක , එක පිළිවෙලට search කරල බලනව අපිට ඕන එක තියනවද කියල.මේකෙ මුලින්ම තියෙන්නෙ 5 නිසා බලපු ගමන්ම 5 අහු වෙනව එහිදී running time එක 1ක් වෙනව. අපිට 23 හොයාගන්න ඕන උනොත් අපිට 5 වෙනි එකට වෙනකම් searchකර කර යන්න වෙනව. එහිදී 6ක් searchකරල බලපු නිසා running time එක 6ක් වෙනව.</div>
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මෙන්න මේ array එක search කරන එක සැලකුවහම, ඒකට අපිට ගන්න පුළුවන් අඩුම අගය තමයි 1. ඒක මෙකෙ bsest case එක කියල හඳුන්වනව.එන්න පුළුවන් වැඩිම අගය තමයි 6 ඒක මේකෙ worst case එක කියල හඳුන්වනව. මේ අනුව item n ගානක් තියන array එකක් සැලකුවහම best case එක 1ත් worst case එක nත් වෙනව. මේ දෙකේ මධ්යනය average case එක කියල හඳුන්වනව ඒක n/2 ක් වෙනව. මේ අනුව running time එකක එකට best case එක හා worst case එක අතර ඕනෑම අගයක් එන්න පුළුවන්. අපිට ඒක හරියටම කියන්න බැහැ ඒකෙ running time අගය input size එක මත රඳා පවතිනව.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
Best Case ≤ Running Time ≤ Worst Case</div>
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මේ best case එක lower bound එක ලෙසත් worst case එක upper bound එක ලෙසත් හඳුන්වනව. එවිට</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Lower Bound ≤ RunningTime≤ Upper Bound</div>
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<u>Asymptotic Notations</u></div>
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අපි දැන් බලමු asymptotic notation කියන්නෙ මොකද්ද කියල.අපිට දක්නට ලැබෙන running times ප්රධාන වශයෙන් කොටස් තුනකට බෙදනව,</div>
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Big O notation (O)</div>
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Omega ( Ω)</div>
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Theta (θ)</div>
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මෙතනදි අපි input size එක ශ්රිතයක් ආකාරයෙන් වෙනස් කරල ඊට අදාළව running time එක ප්රස්ථාරගත කරනව. input size එක n නම්,</div>
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<div>
input size එකේ ශ්රිතය = g(n), </div>
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running time එකේ ශ්රිතය = f(n),</div>
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ලෙස ගනිමු.</div>
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<div>
<u>Big O notation (O)(Worste Case)</u></div>
<div>
මෙහිදී c යනු ඕනෑම නියතයක් නම් n<sub>0 </sub>යන යම්කිසි input size එකකට ඉහළ තියන ඕනෑම input එකකදි input size ශ්රිතය c වලින් ගුණ කලවිට ලැබෙන අගය[c g(n) ] running time එකේ ශ්රිතයට [f(n)]වඩා වැඩි නම්. එනම්,</div>
<div>
f(n) ≤ c g(n) for all n ≥ n<sub>0</sub></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><sub></sub><br /></span>
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මෙවැනි running time එකක් O(n) ආකාරයේ running time එකක් ලෙස හැඳින්වෙයි. නමුත් running time එකක් රිණ විය නොහැකි නිසා,</div>
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0 ≤ f(n) ≤ c g(n) for all n ≥ n<sub>0</sub></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<sub><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></sub></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><sub></sub><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp0MwnRI_CVqAcQ8oNf7WFQcSeusGj0z1YAFXBFpwtd8tULMVAHfjhjAFud7OYBjdqz1ooF3o7-mYTC-Ew81MMBEWkTzBVAlauCdSwr817kSGrJY50wBkwHp426umIeHKeUrSxbnKMSqg/s1600/o.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp0MwnRI_CVqAcQ8oNf7WFQcSeusGj0z1YAFXBFpwtd8tULMVAHfjhjAFud7OYBjdqz1ooF3o7-mYTC-Ew81MMBEWkTzBVAlauCdSwr817kSGrJY50wBkwHp426umIeHKeUrSxbnKMSqg/s1600/o.png" width="288" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
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Omega ( Ω) (Best Case)</div>
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මෙහිදී c යනු ඕනෑම නියතයක් නම් n<sub>0 </sub>යන යම්කිසි input size එකකට ඉහළ තියන ඕනෑම input එකකදි input size ශ්රිතය c වලින් ගුණ කලවිට ලැබෙන අගය[c g(n) ] running time එකේ ශ්රිතයට [f(n)]වඩා අඩු නම්. එනම්,</div>
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0 ≤ c g(n) ≤ f(n) for all n ≥ n<sub>0</sub></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><sub> </sub><sub> </sub>මෙවැනි running time එකක් Ω(n) ආකාරයේ එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.</span><br />
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<u>Theta (θ)(Avarage Case)</u><br />
මෙහිදී අපිට <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">1 </sub>හා <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">2 </sub>කියන නියතයන් දෙකක් ගන්න වෙනව එවිට,<br />
0 ≤ <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 23px;">1 </sub> g(n) ≤ f(n) ≤ <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 23px;">2</sub> g(n) for all n ≥ n<sub>0</sub><br />
වනපරිදි <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 23px;">1 </sub>හා <span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">c</span><sub style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 23px;">2</sub> නියත දෙකක් තිබේනම් මෙවැනි running time එකක් θ (n) ආකාරයේ running time එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.<br />
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මේ අවස්ථා තුන සලකල බැලුවහම O(n) වලදි නිතරම input size එකට වඩා running time එක අඩුවෙන නිසා efficiency එක වැඩියි. Ω (n) වලදි input size එකට වඩා running time එක වැඩිවෙන නිසා efficiency එක අඩුයි. θ(n) වලදි running time එක යම්කිසි අගයන් දෙකක් අතර සාමාන්ය මට්ටමක පවත්වාගන්නවා.<br />
<u>Problems</u><br />
අපි දැන් runnin time function එක දුන්නහම ඒක මොන ආකාරයේද කියල ඔප්පු කරන විදිය බලමු.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">(1)Show that 30n+8 is O(n).</span><br />
මෙවැනි ගණනකදී නිතරම O() එක ඇතුලෙ දෙන function එක input function එක වන අතර එලියෙන් දෙන function එක running time function එකයි.එමනිසා,<br />
f(n) = 30n + 8<br />
g(n) = n<br />
අප පෙන්විය යුත්තේ<br />
30n + 8 ≤ cn for all n ≥ n<sub>0</sub><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><sub>මෙහි c ට හා </sub> n<sub>0 </sub><span style="vertical-align: sub;">ට ගැලපෙන අගයන් දෙකක සොයාගත යුතුය.</span></span><br />
30n + 8 ≤ 30n + 8n = 38n for all n ≥ 1<br />
30n + 8 ≤<span style="color: blue;"> </span><span style="color: blue;">38 </span>n<br />
<span style="color: blue;">c = 38</span> , n<sub>0</sub> = 1<br />
මෙතනදී එක එක අයට වෙනස් පිළිතුරු ලැබිය හැක. නමුත් ඕනෑම එක c අගයක් සඳහා පැවතිය හැක්කේ එක් n<sub>0</sub> අගයක් පමණි. ඒ කියන්නෙ c = 38 වෙලා n<sub>0 </sub>= 2 වෙන්න බැහැ කියල. නමුත් c වලට හා n<sub>0</sub> වලට ගන්න පුලුවන් අගයන් වෙනස් වෙමින් මෙයට ගැලපෙන පිළිතුරු {c,n<sub>0</sub>} කුලක කිහිපයක් තිබිය හැක.<br />
Let c = 31 , 30n + 8 ≤ 31n = 30n + n<br />
then when n ≥ 8<br />
cn = 31n = 30n + n > 30n+8,<br />
so 30n+8 ≤ cn when c= 31 , n<sub>0</sub> = 8.<br />
මෙම පිළිතුරද නිවැරදි වෙයි.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">(2)Prove that 100n + 5 = O(</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">n<sup>2</sup></span><span style="color: blue;">)</span><br />
–100n + 5 ≤ 100n + n = 101n ≤ 101<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup><br />
for all n ≥ 5<br />
n<sub>0</sub> = 5 and c = 101 is a solution<br />
or<br />
–100n + 5 ≤ 100n + 5n = 105n ≤ 105<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup> for all n ≥ 1<br />
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n<sub>0</sub>= 1 and c = 105 is also a solution<br />
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<span style="color: blue;">(3)5<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup> = Ω(n)</span><br />
<br />
cn ≤ 5<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup><br />
c = 1 and n<sub>0</sub> = 1<br />
එමෙන්ම යම්කිසි ශ්රිතයක් දුන්විට අදාල notation එකට අසමානයැයි පෙන්වීමටද හැකි විය යුතුය.<br />
<span style="color: blue;">(4)100n + 5 ≠ Ω(<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup>)</span><br />
ඔප්පු කළ යුත්ත: 0 ≤ c<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup> ≤ 100n + 5<br />
මෙය නිවැරදි ලෙස ගෙන ගණන සාදයි.<br />
100n + 5 ≤ 100n + 5n (for all n ≥ 1) = 105n<br />
c<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup> ≤ 105n<br />
n(cn – 105) ≤ 0<br />
Since n is positive<br />
cn – 105 ≤ 0<br />
n ≤ 105/c<br />
නමුත් මෙහි n කියන්නේ input size එක ඒකට අපිට n<sub>0 </sub>සිට අනන්තය දක්වා ඕනෑම අගයක් ගතහැකි විය යුතුයි. අපි මෙහිදී nහි n<sub>0</sub> වල සිට අනන්තය දක්වා ඕනැම අගයකට මෙය සත්ය වන බව ඔප්පු කළ යුතුයි.නමුත් මෙතන n ≤ 105/c ලෙස ලැබිල තියනව. n කිසියම් අගයකට වඩා කුඩා වෙන්න බැහැ. එමනිසා මෙය contradiction එකකි.<br />
100n + 5 ≠ Ω(<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">n</span><sup style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2</sup>)<br />
<span style="color: #660000;">මන් හිතනව ඔයාලට මේ පාඩම ටිකක් හරි තේරෙන්න ඇති කියල. ඔයාලට මේ post එකෙන් පොඩි හරි උදව්වක් උනානම් comment එකක් දාල යන්න අමතක කරන්න එපා.</span><br />
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